I have been ordered to help explain these. It's not easy, but I will do my best here. I will do a short bit about: shall / should; will / would; may / might; can / could; must. If you need further explanation you can ask questions of course, which I will ignore.
Maybe the easiest way to explain is that words like should, would, might, could are similar to the subjunctive in European languages.
Should - means something is not entirely necessary but would be beneficial.
"I SHOULD do my work." (But I'm going to the pub instead!)
Shall - same as will, not used in common speech but for formal contracts and contexts. Certain.
"The tenant SHALL behave well in the property."
Will - used for future tense, means something is going to happen or be done. Certain.
"I WILL do it." "It WILL rain."
Would - conditional, something will happen if it's possible.
"If she broke up with her boyfriend I WOULD ask her out."
May / might - quite the same, but "might" is used in the past. It is possible for something to happen, but not certain.
"Will you go?" "I MAY do."
"Have you done it?" "I MIGHT have." (Past tense.)
Can - something is possible.
"Do you want to?" "CAN do."
Could - conditional form of can.
"Why didn't you ask her out?" "I don't know - I COULD have..."
Must - means something is entirely necessary, like with commands or to express absolute certainty.
"That girl MUST be Angelina Jolie." (I am sure.) "You MUST revise for your exams." (There is no choice.)
Note: we don't normally use "must" in the construction of an imperative command, just the actual verb.
"Go to your room!" (NOT "You MUST go to your room!"
Have to - same in Spanish, similar to "must". Entirely necessary."I HAVE TO go, or my mum will kill me!"
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